Heavy clay soils, high groundwater, and freeze-thaw cycles that can swing forty degrees in a day put more pressure on a foundation wall than almost anywhere else in the country. Without effective waterproofing, that pressure shows up as water seepage through cure cracks, damp basement walls, mold in finished spaces, and repairs that should never have been needed.
Waterproofing is not reactive. It is sealed correctly the first time, before backfill ever touches the wall.
A drainage board is a tough, dimpled plastic panel installed over the waterproofed wall before backfill goes in. The dimples create an air gap that gives water a path down to the perimeter drain instead of sitting against the foundation. It also protects the waterproof membrane from getting torn or pinched by rocks in the backfill.